Vitamins C & E help promote natural collagen formation and protect against free radical damage caused by environmental exposure
Reduced expression of CSE was found in a rat model of kidney ischemia-reperfusion, in which elevated plasma Hcy levels were accompanied by decreased levels of GSH in both liver and plasma [50]
Furthermore, an increased plasma von Willebrand factor is found in hyperhomocysteinemic subjects bearing premature arterial disease (Freyburger et al, 1997) and, of major relevance, acute methionine loading induced moderate hyperhomocysteinemia results in a significant increase in von Willebrand factor (Constant et al, 1999)
For example, consumption of broccoli shoots containing sulforaphane (an Nrf2 inducer) increases its expression in human blood [112], and many drugs are known to be Nrf2 activators [113]
Face serums and creams: Clinical standard: 1-3% concentration Maximum typically used: 4% concentration Application: Once or twice daily Duration: Minimum 8-12 weeks for visible results Eye area products: Concentration: 1-2% (lower for sensitive periorbital skin) Application: Once daily, typically evening Amount: Pea-sized for both eyes Scalp solutions for hair: Concentration: 0.5% solution common Application: 1-2ml to affected areas once or twice daily Duration: 3-6 months minimum for meaningful changes Higher concentrations do not always mean better results with topicals
